The U.S. has deployed Marine Fighter Attack Squadron VMFA-312 to Panama, signaling a major shift in regional security strategy. The squadron’s F/A-18C Hornets arrived on April 4, 2025, as part of efforts to counter foreign influence and safeguard the Panama Canal. President Trump’s administration has prioritized reasserting American control over the canal, calling it a “symbol of American power”.
The move follows high-level talks between U.S. and Panamanian Special Operations Forces in February 2025, focusing on countering drug trafficking and transnational crime. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth’s visit to Panama on April 8 highlighted U.S. investments in canal security, including a $5 million upgrade to naval infrastructure. Joint exercises like PANAMAX-Alpha have intensified, blending humanitarian aid with military readiness.
Secretary Hegseth directly challenged China’s role in the region, stating, “China didn’t create , doesn’t manage it, and won’t exploit it”. This comes after Panama canceled its Belt and Road Initiative ties with Beijing, a decision praised by U.S. officials. Chinese firms had previously controlled key ports near the canal, raising concerns about espionage risks.
Panamanian President José Raúl Mulino reiterated that the canal “belongs to Panama,” resisting external pressure. However, the U.S. has secured partnerships through BlackRock’s $22.8 billion purchase of critical port assets, replacing Chinese-held operations.
The deployment underscores America’s focus on hemispheric dominance as global tensions rise. With plans for expanded military training and the 2026 Panamax exercises, the U.S. aims to ensure the canal remains a neutral, secure trade route. Critics argue these actions strain Panama’s traditional demilitarized stance, while supporters highlight strengthened deterrence against adversarial threats.
